Module 03 · Cases · Locījumi · Level A1
Locative (kur? kad?) — where and when
Lokatīvs
The case of place and time: “in Riga” is Rīgā, without a preposition. Singular endings often contain a long vowel, but plural forms such as galdos, mājās, ielās end in -s.
Endings
| Decl. | Word (Nom.) | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | galds | -ā (galdā) | -os (galdos) |
| 2 | brālis | -ī (brālī) | -os (brāļos) |
| 3 | tirgus | -ū (tirgū) | -os (tirgos) |
| 4 | māja | -ā (mājā) | -ās (mājās) |
| 5 | upe | -ē (upē) | -ēs (upēs) |
| 6 | sirds | -ī (sirdī) | -īs (sirdīs) |
Place
Es dzīvoju Rīgā (I live in Riga). Es strādāju bankā (I work at a bank). Bērni ir skolā (The children are at school). Grāmatas ir skapī (The books are in the cupboard). Mēs esam Latvijā (We are in Latvia).
Note the distinction: "on the street" is uz ielas (genitive with uz), while "in the city" is pilsētā (locative). The locative means "inside," while uz + genitive means "on the surface of."
Time
The locative also answers "when?":
| Expression | Translation |
|---|---|
| pirmdienā · otrdienā | on Monday · on Tuesday |
| janvārī · maijā | in January · in May |
| vasarā · ziemā · rudenī · pavasarī | in summer · in winter · in autumn · in spring |
| rītā · vakarā · naktī · dienā | in the morning · in the evening · at night · during the day |
| 2020. gadā | in 2020 |
| nākamajā nedēļā | next week |
| sākumā · beigās | at the beginning · at the end |
Frozen locatives that became adverbs
Some locatives have become adverbs in their own right: mājās (at home), ārā (outside), iekšā (inside), augšā (upstairs, on top), lejā (downstairs, below), priekšā (in front), vidū (in the middle), galā (at the end).
Exercise
1) I live in an apartment. 2) It's cold in winter. 3) On Saturday we rest. 4) The keys are in the bag.
Answers
1) Es dzīvoju dzīvoklī. 2) Ziemā ir auksti. 3) Sestdienā mēs atpūšamies. 4) Atslēgas ir somā.Open the lesson in the trainer — with exercises and a “done” mark →Module test 03