Module 02 · The noun · Lietvārds · Level A2
Feminine Nouns Ending in -s (Declension 6)
Sieviešu dzimtes lietvārdi ar -s
A small but very frequent group: sirds, acs, zivs, pils, nakts, valsts, debess, uguns, govs, auss, krāsns, klints. They're easy to confuse with masculine nouns in -s, so this table is worth knowing cold.
Declension of sirds (heart) and pils (castle)
| Case | sirds sg. | sirds pl. | pils sg. | pils pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | sirds | sirdis | pils | pilis |
| Ģ | sirds | siržu | pils | piļu |
| D | sirdij | sirdīm | pilij | pilīm |
| A | sirdi | sirdis | pili | pilis |
| I | ar sirdi | ar sirdīm | ar pili | ar pilīm |
| L | sirdī | sirdīs | pilī | pilīs |
Tell-tale signs: dative singular -ij, locative -ī, plural -is, genitive plural with palatalization (siržu, piļu — but acu without it, zivju, valstu).
Common words
| Word | Ģ sg. | N pl. | Ģ pl. |
|---|---|---|---|
| acs (eye) | acs | acis | acu |
| nakts (night) | nakts | naktis | nakšu |
| zivs (fish) | zivs | zivis | zivju |
| valsts (state, country) | valsts | valstis | valstu |
| debess (sky) | debess | debesis | debesu |
| uguns (fire) | uguns | ugunis | uguņu |
In use
- Man sāp sirds. — My heart hurts (nominative).
- Labu nakti! — Good night! (accusative)
- Latvijas valsts. — The Latvian state (genitive).
- Es esmu pilī. — I am in the castle (locative).
Exercise
Put into the correct case: 1) Es redzu (zivs). 2) (Nakts, locative) es guļu. 3) Divas (acs, nom. pl.). 4) Trīs (valsts, gen. pl.).
Answers
1) zivi · 2) Naktī · 3) acis · 4) valstuOpen the lesson in the trainer — with exercises and a “done” mark →Module test 02