Module 06 · Adjectives and adverbs · Īpašības un apstākļa vārdi · Level A2
Adverbs
Apstākļa vārdi
An adverb answers "how? where? when? how much?" and never changes form. Most adverbs of manner are formed from adjectives.
Formation from adjectives
| Adjective | Adverb | Rule |
|---|---|---|
| labs | labi | -s → -i |
| ātrs | ātri | |
| skaists | skaisti | |
| grūts | grūti | |
| latvisks | latviski | "in Latvian style" |
| garš | gari | |
| tuvs | tuvu | a few place adverbs end in -u |
Remember the -u group: tālu (far), tuvu (near), augstu (high), zemu (low). The rest end in -i: dārgi, lēti, ilgi, ātri.
Adverbs of state — "I'm cold"
Man ir auksti, silti, karsti, grūti, viegli, skumji, bail, žēl, labi, slikti, interesanti, garlaicīgi. Pattern: dative + ir + adverb.
Adverbs of place and time
| Place | Time |
|---|---|
| šeit / te (here), tur (there) | tagad (now), tad (then) |
| šurp (hither), turp (thither) | šodien, vakar, rīt, aizvakar, parīt |
| mājās, ārā, iekšā, augšā, lejā | agri, vēlu, drīz, vēlāk, sen (long ago) |
| pa kreisi, pa labi, taisni | vienmēr, nekad, dažreiz, bieži, reti |
| kaut kur, nekur, visur | jau (already), vēl (still), atkal (again) |
| tālu, tuvu, blakus | tūlīt (right now), pēkšņi (suddenly) |
Degree and measure
ļoti (very), pārāk (too), diezgan (rather), gandrīz (almost), tikai (only), pat (even), arī (also), tieši (exactly), apmēram (approximately), pilnīgi (completely), nemaz (not at all — with a negative).
Position of the adverb
Usually before the verb or adjective: Es labi runāju. Tas ir ļoti dārgs. Viņš vienmēr kavē. Adverbs of time often go at the start of the sentence: Vakar es strādāju.
Exercise
Form the adverb and translate: 1) lēns → ? (speak ___) 2) skaļš → ? 3) slikts → ? 4) I'm hot. 5) He's always late.
Answers
1) lēni · 2) skaļi · 3) slikti · 4) Man ir karsti. · 5) Viņš vienmēr kavē.Open the lesson in the trainer — with exercises and a “done” mark →Module test 06